Peach - Prunus persica 
'Tropic Beauty'
Fig. 1
Prunus persica
'Tropic Beauty' peach

Showy (a) and non-showy (b) peach flowers.
Fig. 2
Showy (a) and non-showy (b) peach flowers

Bee pollinating peach flower
Fig. 3
Bee pollinating peach flower

Flowering peach branch between rows of trees
Fig. 4
Flowering peach branch between rows of trees

Eglandular (a), globose (b) and reniform (c) leaf glands on peach leaves.
Fig. 8
Eglandular (a), globose (b) and reniform (c) leaf glands on peach leaves

Prunus persica fruit
Fig. 9

Peach ‘UFO‘
Fig. 10
Peach ‘UFO‘

White peach and its cross section isolated on a white background
Fig. 11
White peach and its cross section

Peach stones
Fig. 12

Containerized peach tree in a 3-gallon container ready for planting. Remove some soil from roots to improve root contact with field soil
Fig. 13
Containerized peach tree in a 3-gallon container ready for planting. Remove some soil from roots to improve root contact with field soil.

Peach tree trained to an open center.
Fig. 14
Peach tree trained to an open center

Botanical specimen in Longwood Gardens
Fig. 15
Botanical specimen in Longwood Gardens, Pennsylvania, USA, (espaliered)

Prunus persica var. nucipersica Lafayette
Fig. 16
P. persica var. nucipersica 'Lafayette'
in Longwood Gardens, Pennsylvania, USA (espaliered)

Cultivated plant
Fig. 20
P. persica, cultivated plant, Toronto, Canada

Vegan Upside Down Blackberry Peach Pecan Cake with Pecan Kreme
Fig. 33
Vegan upside down blackberry peach pecan cake with pecan kreme

Peach seasonality
Fig. 34
Florida peach season

Hauling crates of peaches from the orchard
Fig. 35
Hauling crates of peaches from the orchard to the shipping shed
Scientific name
Prunus persica (L.) Batsch
Pronunciation
PROO-nus PER-sick-uh
Common name
English: clingstone, freestone, peach; Finland: persikka; Chinese: hao ren, shou tao; French: pêcher, pêche; German: Pfirsich; Italian: persico, pesco; Japabese: momo; Korean: poksunganamu; Russian: персик обыкновенный [persik obyknovennyj]; Spanish: duraznero, persico; Turkish: şeftali; tho (Thailand) 19
Synonyms
P. persica f compressa (Loudon) Rehder; P. persica var. nucipersica (Suckow) C.K. Schneid; P. persica f persica; P. persica var. persica 9
Relatives
Apple, Malus domestica; blackberry, Rubus spp; capulin, P. salicifolia; chickasaw plum, P. angustifolia; loquat, Eriobotrya japonica; mayhaw, Crataegus spp.; pear, Pyrus spp. and strawberry, Fragaria ananassa 8
Family
Rosaceae (rose family)
Origin
China
USDA hardiness zones
5B- 8B
Uses
Fruit; highway median; bonsai; espalier 1
Height
15-25 ft (4.5-7.6 m)
Spread
15-25 ft (4.5-7.6 m)
Crown
Round, dense, irregular
Plant habit
Semi-spreading or semi-upright; not showy; typically multi-trunked 1,2
Growth rate
Fast
Longevity
Estimated life span of 10–15 years 18
Pruning requirement
Needed for strong structure
Leaves
Deciduous; simple; alternate; serrate, serrulate; lanceolate, elleptic; 2-4 in. (5-10 cm), 4-8 in. (10-20 cm) 2
Flowers
White/cream/gray, pink, red; showy; in the late winter 2
Fruit
Round; 3-6 in. (7.6-15 cm); yellow, red; fleshy; melting or non-melting 2
Season
Mar.-May 12
USDA Nutrient Content pdf
Light requirement
Full sun, partial sun or partial shade 2
Soil tolerances
Clay; sand; loam; acidic; well-drained 2
pH preference
6.0-6.5
Drought tolerance
Moderate
Aerosol salt tolerance
Unknown
Soil salt tolerance
Unknown
Cold tolerance
27 °F (-2 °C) for fruit and flower; tree hardy
Plant spacing
10-15 ft (3-4.5 m) between trees; 15-25 ft (4.5-7.6 m) between rows 18
Roots
Not a problem
Invasive potential *
Little invasive potential
Pest/disease resistance
Sensitive to pests/diseases
Verticillium wilt susceptibility
Susceptible
Known hazard
The interior of the pit is poisonous; twigs and leaves are toxic 8



Reading Material

Organic Peach Production in Florida, University of Florida pdf
Florida Peach and Nectarine Varieties, University of Florida pdf
Prunus persica: Peach, University of Florida pdf



The University of Florida has developed high-quality, low-chilling, early-maturing peach and nectarine cultivars that can be grown from the panhandle of Florida to as far south as Immokalee. Low-chilling cultivars can grow and produce fruit under Florida conditions that are much warmer in winter than in northern states. Furthermore, ripening of these cultivars during April and May ensures an early spring market window for tree-ripe fresh fruit in Florida before peaches and nectarines from other southeastern states and California come to market. 1

Origin

The peach (Prunus persica) is a deciduous tree native to the region of Northwest China between the Tarim Basin and the north slopes of the Kunlun Shan mountains, where it was first domesticated and cultivated. 4
The specific epithet persica refers to its widespread cultivation in Persia, whence it was transplanted to Europe. 5

Description
Peach trees vary in their growth habit, and often a combination of tree vigor, flower type, and leaf structure can be used to identify cultivars. Trees can have semi-spreading (e.g., ‘UFOne’) or semi-upright growth (e.g., ‘Flordaprince’) and can be either very vigorous (e.g., ‘UFSun’) or moderately vigorous (e.g., ‘Sunbest’) in canopy growth. 3

Flowers
Flowers on certain peach cultivars can be showy, with large, pink petals; flowers on other cultivars are non-showy, with smaller, redder petals (Fig. 2). Leaf glands at the base of the leaf near the petiole can also be used in the identification process. 3

Peach blossoms Prunus persica flower habit
Fig. 5 Fig. 6

Leaves
Leaf glands may be absent (eglandular), or they may be globose (round) or reniform (kidney-shaped) (Fig. 7). 3

Fruit
The total attractiveness of fruit is related to shape, size, color, and flesh browning. Fruit shape, firmness, taste, flesh browning, and overall attractiveness are also rated subjectively. Round to oblong fruit shape is desirable, and ratings are lowered by the degree of protruding tips and sutures. Fruit with the high aroma, moderate acidity, and sweet taste are the most desirable. A high degree of rapid browning from cuts and bruises on soft ripe fruit is not desirable. Most recent releases from the UF breeding program have little or no browning of the flesh. 1

Fruit growth stages
Fig. 7

Fig. 7. Fruit growth stages in ‘UFSun’. T
he four stages of peach fruit development: flowering, cell division, pit hardening, and cell expansion.

Harvesting
The red “blush” on the peel is formed in response to sunlight exposure and is not related to maturity. Peach fruit begin to ripen at the tip or blossom end and firmness should be assessed as the ground color begins to change. 18

Melting vs Non-Melting
Peaches are typically available in two different flesh types, melting and non-melting. Melting-flesh peaches undergo a rapid softening of the flesh as the fruit ripen. Historically, this type of fruit has been used for fresh fruit production. Non-melting-flesh peaches are characterized by a firm flesh phenotype that softens slowly. Non-melting-flesh peaches had primarily been used for processing; however, improvements in flavor and texture through breeding at the University of Florida and elsewhere have resulted in non-melting-flesh peaches with superior fruit characteristics for eating fresh. 1

Clingstone vs Freestone
Clingstone and freestone are two terms that describe the relative tendency of the flesh to adhere to the pit. In a clingstone peach, the flesh adheres to the pit so that the pit cannot be easily extracted from the flesh when the fruit is sliced in half. All non-melting-flesh peach cultivars released by the University of Florida are clingstone or semi-clingstone (the flesh of semi-clingstone peaches becomes easier to separate from the pits as the fruit ripen). Peach fruit with flesh that separates easily from the pit are described as freestone. Typically, melting-flesh peach cultivars are semi-freestone or freestone; however it is possible to have a melting-flesh, clingstone peach. Although there is some variation in the degree of flesh adherence (e.g., semi-freestone or semi-clingstone), no non-melting-flesh, freestone peach cultivars are available. 1

Climatic Fruit
Peaches are considered a climacteric fruit, which means that fruit is able to continue ripening after they are harvested, although the sugar level and therefore perceived sweetness will not increase. Often, peaches that consumers purchase may be firm, but they will soften and develop more aroma when placed on a counter or in a fruit bowl. Fruit that is allowed to ripen on the tree have better fruit quality by many standards of measurement, but particularly sweetness. Florida’s unique environment allows commercial growers to harvest “tree-ripe,” non-melting-flesh cultivars that are firm and possess very high-quality. 1

Cultivars for Central and South Florida

Pollination
All peaches are self-pollinating.

Propagation
Peaches and nectarines in Florida must be planted on a rootstock that is resistant to a specific root-knot nematode found only in Florida (Meloidogyne floridensis). 11
Currently, there are three commercially available rootstocks, 'Flordaguard' (a peach rootstock) and 'Sharpe' (a clonal plum rootstock) that are resistant to M. floridensis. 'MP-29' is a third rootstock that is being tested in two locations in Florida and is available for commercial propagation. 'Sharpe' rootstock is recommended for dooryard or backyard orchards, as there has been a slight decrease in fruit size associated with this rootstock. 'Flordaguard' trees are visually distinctive with young leaves exhibiting a deep red color. 11

Rootstocks for Florida Stone Fruit, University of Florida pdf

Planting
Trees can be transplanted at any time of the year. Transplants grown in pots are best planted after the last freeze in the spring, and bare-root transplants are best planted in the fall or winter. Trees should be placed in the ground, without stakes, such that the ground soil line is even or slightly above the media in the transplant pot or former soil line for bare-root trees. 18

Pruning
During the first two to three years after planting, young trees are trained to develop a branching system or tree canopy that will later support a well distributed crop. Although each tree will grow differently with few trees being perfectly symmetrical, the overall goal for peaches and nectarines is to develop an open center or vase-shaped tree with a spreading but upright growth habit (Fig. 14). 3
In contrast to citrus, peach trees grown in Florida require two pruning events, one in the summer and one in the winter. Summer pruning occurs after harvest (postharvest pruning) in May and no later than June. 18
The ultimate aim of summer pruning is to allow light to penetrate inside the canopy. This will help the tree to develop good flower buds and will induce the growth of new fruiting wood close to scaffold branches for the next season. At summer pruning:
• Remove suckers.
• Perform manual or mechanical topping (~7 to 8 feet).
• Eliminate some laterals if the growth is excessive.
• Do not allow old fruiting wood in the body of the tree to
develop into heavy branches.
• Remove old fruit and dead shoots.
The amount of pruning required in winter is greatly reduced and pruning cuts in winter take longer to heal than cuts made on actively growing shoots in the summer. This lowers the overall incidence of disease infiltrating pruning cuts. 16

Summer Pruning in Low-Chill Peaches Grown in Florida, University of Florida pdf
Training and Pruning Florida Peaches, Nectarines and Plums, University of Florida pdf
Pruning Peach Trees, Virginia Tech, Cooperative Extension pdf
Simple Tree Training Technique for Peaches, University of Georgia pdf

Thinning

Peach trees absorb water and nutrients from the soil and utilize sunlight to convert CO2 to carbohydrates by photosynthesis. Fig. 17 shows the morphological structure of a peach fruit. All fruit on an individual tree must share these nutrients and carbohydrates; thus, excessive fruit load will cause several problems, including small size, poor flavor, excessive fruit load, delayed fruit maturation, and reduced plant vigor. 12
After the last chance of a freeze, but before the peach fruit begin to rapidly increase in size, flowers and fruitlets should be removed by hand or with machinery (also called thinning) to a density of one fruit for every 6–8 inches (15–20 cm). To promote maximum fruit size, fruitlets and flowers should be thinned when the fruitlets are no longer than 1 inch (25 mm) from stem to tip and their stones are still soft. However, thinning later, after the stones harden and the fruit are longer than 1 inch, will not increase final fruit size. 18

Peach fruit anatomy A good fruit size stage to do thinning. No thinning can result in overloaded and broken limbs.
Fig. 17 Fig. 18 Fig. 19

Fig. 17. Peach fruit anatomy
Fig. 18. A good fruit size stage to do thinning
Fig. 19. No thinning can result in overloaded and broken limbs

Thinning Florida Peaches for Larger Fruit, University of Florida pdf
Peach Pruning and Thinning Pointers, Vegetable and Specialty Crop News

Fertilizing
The type of fertilizer you choose may be chemical or organic. Make sure that the fertilizer contains iron, zinc, manganese, magnesium, molybdenum, copper and boron. These minor elements are very important to plants and most soils are low in these elements. 7

Irrigation
Both bare-root and containerized trees should be watered at planting to reduce transplant shock. Newly planted trees should receive 2–3 gallons of water for every inch of trunk diameter. Bare-root trees are dormant at planting, have no leaves, and usually require little if any water at planting, except on very sandy soils. 1
Bearing trees must be irrigated to increase fruit size and yield and support tree growth. Suggested irrigation rates are 1–2 inches every 10 days and more frequently in sandy soils, especially during the dry season. 1
The most critical timing for peaches regarding crop water demand is between January and May (21–120 DOY). During this time, the growth stage is characterized by flowering, leaf expansion, fruit development, and fruit maturation. Maintenance of adequate soil moisture in the root zone is crucial for achieving yield potential and fruit quality, mainly because of the increasing crop water demand and lower seasonal precipitation rates. 17

Irrigation Practices for Peaches in Florida, University of Florida pdf

Production
The marketing season for US-grown peaches peaks from May 20 to September 30 (Fig. 22), while the target market window for Florida peaches is from the last week of March to the last week of May. Peaches are imported from Chile to the US from October to March. Peaches in Florida hit the market before Georgia, South Carolina, and California and have a target market window with little competition (March to May). 12
One of the main advantages of growing peaches in Florida is that growers can typically obtain higher prices for their fruit from March through early May. The reason behind the higher prices is that the state’s peach producers have the advantage of producing the first domestic peaches each calendar year. 10
In order to have marketable fruit diameter, the fruit must be at least 2¼ inches in diameter; although there is increasing pressure from grocery store produce buyers for this minimum to be 2½ inches. However, low-chill stone fruit has a short fruit developmental period, and this, coupled with its early ripening window tends to produce smaller fruit. New stone fruit varieties are being selected with one emphasis being large fruit size to account for this short fruit developmental period. Growers receive a premium for large diameter fruit early in the season (i. e., >2½ inch), thus proper thinning is essential for optimum yield and profit.
Although there isn't one consistent spacing that works for all varieties, there is a general trend towards greater percentages of large fruit as the spacing between fruit increase. 13

Production history Production window for FL UF stone fruit breeding program
Fig. 21 Fig. 22 Fig. 23

Fig. 21. Production history
Fig. 22. Annual volume of US peach imports, mainly from Chile, the main US peach marketing season, and the target market window for Florida-grown peaches.
Fig. 23. UF stone fruit breeding program

Florida Stone Fruit. A Taste of Summer in the Spring: Production and Challenges
, University of Florida, Gainsville Extension pdf
Bags Protect and Improve Peaches, Vegetable and Specialty Crop News
Winter Defoliation for Florida Peaches, Vegetable and Specialty Crop News
Alternative Opportunities for Small Farms: Peach and Nectarine Production Review
, University of Florida pdf
Establishment and Production Costs for Peach Orchards in Florida: Enterprise Budget and Profitability Analysis, University of Florida pdf
Hydrogen Cyanamide for Low-Chill Peaches in Florida, Vegetable and Specialty Crop News

Chill requirements
In order to bloom in spring, deciduous fruit trees like peaches, plums, and nectarines all must go through the plant equivalent of a long winter's nap. They need a dormancy period with a certain number of chilling hours, when the temperature drops below 45 degrees Fahrenheit. The exact number of chilling hours depends on the fruit tree variety, but it can be anywhere from a hundred to more than a thousand. 14
The number of days from flowering to fruit set, or the fruit development period, is shorter for low-chill cultivars such as ‘Flordadawn’ that produces fruit in as little as 60 days after flowering. The most popular cultivars currently in production, ‘UFBest’, ‘TropicBeauty’, ‘UFSun’, and ‘UFOne’, have respective chill unit requirements of 100, 150, 100, and 150 hours and fruit respective development periods of 85, 89, 90, and 95 days. 18

Historical chill unit accumulation
Fig. 24

Fig. 24. Historical chill unit accumulation, baded on hours below 45 °F received to Feb. 10th in 75% of winters

Chill Accumulation in Peaches, University of Florida pdf
Minimum Overnight Temperature, University of Florida ext. link

Pest Page

Disease Page

Frost Protection
Peach buds, flowers, and fruit can be damaged by late spring frosts. Peach flower buds that have just begun to swell can withstand temperatures to about 20 °F. Open blossoms show injury at about 26 °F. Following petal fall, the young fruit generally is killed by minimum temperatures of 28 °F. However, using overhead irrigation for freeze protection can prevent such damage. 15
The principle underlying the use of overhead irrigation for freeze protection is that heat lost from the trees is replaced by heat released as applied water turns to ice. As long as water is applied continuously at an adequate rate and is freezing, plant temperature will remain at or near 32 °F. 15
A properly irrigated orchard will coat the entire tree in ice (Fig. 26). Careful monitoring is necessary to ensure that a layer of ice continually forms. If the irrigation stops for any reason (e. g., blocked sprinkler, breaks in irrigation lines), damage can be more severe than if irrigation was not applied at all. Successive layers of ice can result in severe damage to the tree in the form of limb breakage and loss of scaffolds. In years with successive freeze events, retraining of these scaffold limbs will be necessary as shoots emerge through the growing season. 15

Frost covered peach tree Irrigation used for freeze protection in 2009.
Fig. 25 Fig. 26

Fig. 26. Irrigation used for freeze protection in 2009

Frost Protection Irrigation for Florida Peaches: Economic Considerations, University of Florida pdf (archived)

Food Uses 
Peach Melba Dried unbleached peaches from Gothenburg, Sweden Peach cobbler with vanilla ice cream at City Hall Diner
Fig. 27 Fig. 28 Fig. 29
Pêche rôtie à la pistache accompagnée d'une boule de glace à la pistache Soupe de pêche et rosé du Luberon Peach steamed bun, Narita-city,Japan
Fig. 30 Fig. 31 Fig. 32

Fig. 27. The Peach Melba (French: pêche Melba) is a dessert of peaches and raspberry sauce with vanilla ice cream. The dish was invented in 1892 or 1893 by the French chef Auguste Escoffier at the Savoy Hotel, London, to honour the Australian soprano Nellie Melba. 6
Fig. 28. Dried unbleached peaches from Gothenburg, Sweden.
Fig. 29. Peach cobbler with vanilla ice cream at City Hall Diner.
Fig. 30. Pêche rôtie à la pistache accompagnée d'une boule de glace à la pistache (grilled peach with pistachio ice cream).
Fig. 31. Soupe de pêche et rosé du Luberon (peach soup and rose wine from Luberon France).
Fig. 32. Peach steamed bun, Narita-city, Japan.

Dehydrated and Freeze-dried Peach Fruit: A Prolonged Shelf-life Product through Modern Drying Techniques, University of Florida pdf
Small-Scale Juicing of Florida-Grown ‘UFSun’ Peaches, University of Florida pdf
Florida Peaches: A Perfect Snack, University of Florida pdf

Further Reading
Home Garden Peaches, University of Georgia, Cooperative Extension pdf
Peach, Plums and Nectarines, Just Fruits and Exotics nursery
University of Florida Stone Fruit Breeding Program ext. link
Operation Peaches in Florida ext link
Florida Peaches, Florida Foundation Seed Producers ext. link

Peach Botanical Art


List of Growers and Vendors


Bibliography

Sarkhosh, Ali, et al. "Florida Peach and Nectarine Varieties." Horticultural Sciences Dept., (originally published in 1995 as "Peaches and Nectarines for Central and North Florida), Circ. 1159, UF/IFAS Extension, Original pub. Nov. 1995, Rev. May 2013, June 2016 and Oct. 2018, AskIFAS, doi.org/10.32473/edis-mg374-2013, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/mg374. Accessed 16 Feb. 2017, 2 Apr. 2019.
2 Gilman, Edward F., and Dennis G. Watson. "Prunus persica: Peach." Environmental Horticulture Dept., ENH-672, UF/IFAS Extension, Original pub. Nov. 1993, Revised Dec. 2006, Reviewed Feb. 2014, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/st513. Accessed 27 Dec. 2016.
3 Sarkhosh, Ali, and James Ferguson. "Training and Pruning Florida Peaches, Nectarines, and Plums." Horticultural Sciences Dept., HS1111, UF/IFAS, Original pub. July 2007, Revised Sept. 2018, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs365. Accessed 2 Apr. 2019.
4 Faust, M., and B. L. Timon. "Origin and Dissemination of Peach." Horticultural Reviews. p. 331, 2020, Wikipedia, doi:10.1002/9780470650585.ch10, wikipedia.org. Accessed 28 Dec. 2016.
5 "Peach." Wikipedia, wikipedia.org. Accessed 28 Dec. 2016.
6 Avey, Tori. "Opera, Escoffier, and Peaches: The Story Behind the Peach Melba." Wikimedia Commons, 22 Aug. 2012, 29 Dec. 2016, commons.wikimedia.org. Accessed 29 Dec. 2016.
7 Gilbert, Cowley, Brandy. "Peach, Plum and Nectarines." Just Fruits and Exotics nursery, justfruitsandexotics.com. Accessed 17 Apr. 2015.
8 Boning, Charles R. Florida's Best Fruiting Plants- Native and Exotic Trees, Shrubs, and Vines. Sarasota, Pineapple Press, 2006.
9 "Taxon: Prunus persica (L.) Batsch." USDA, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. National Plant Germplasm System, GRIN-Global, npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomysearch. Accessed 8 Feb. 2023.
10 Singerman, Ariel, et al. "Establishment and Production Costs for Peach Orchards in Florida: Enterprise Budget and Profitability Analysis." Food and Resource Economics Dept., UF/IFAS, FE1016, Original pub. July 2017, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fe1016. Accessed 1 Apr. 2019.
11 "Stone Fruit Varieties and Availability." Horticultural Sciences Dept., UF/IFAS Extension, AskIFAS, hos.ifas.ufl.edu/stonefruit/varieties/. Accessed 2 Apr. 2019.
12 Chang, Yuru, et al. "Thinning Florida Peaches for Larger Fruit." Horticultural Sciences Dept., UF/IFAS Extension, HS1324, Original pub. Dec. 2018, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/HS/HS132400.pdf. Accessed 2 Apr. 2019.
13 "Thinning and Crop Load Management." Horticultural Sciences Dept., UF/IFAS Extension, AskIFAS, hos.ifas.ufl.edu/stonefruit/production/thinning-and-cropload-management/. Accessed 4 Apr. 2019.
14 "Chill Hours." Gardening Solutions, UF/IFAS Extensiongardeningsolutions.ifas.ufl.edu/plants/edibles/fruits/chill-hours.html. Accessed 4 Apr. 2019.
15 "Frost Protection." Horticultural Sciences Dept., UF/IFAS Extension, AskIFAS, hos.ifas.ufl.edu/stonefruit/production/frost-protection/. Accessed 4 Apr. 2019.
16 Sarkhosh, Ali, et al. "Summer Pruning in Low-Chill Peaches Grown in Florida." Horticultural Sciences Dept., UF/IFAS Extension, HS1377, Original pub. Oct. 2020, AskIFASedis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/HS1377. Accessed 7 Feb. 2023.
17 Zotarelli, Lincoln, et al. "A Practical Guide for Peach Irrigation Scheduling in Florida." Horticultural Sciences Dept., UF/IFAS Extension, HS1413, Original pub. May 2021, AskIFASedis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/HS1413. Accessed 7 Feb. 2023.
18 Campbell, David, et al. "Organic Peach Production in Florida." Horticultural Sciences Dept., UF/IFAS Extension, HS1447, Original pub. Oct. 2022, AskIFAS, doi.org/10.32473/edis-HS1447-2022, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/HS1447. Accessed 7 Feb. 2023.
19 "Prunus persica Batsch." Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops, mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de. Accessed 8 Feb. 2023.

Photographs

Fig. 1 "Tropic Beauty' peach." UF/IFAS ExtensionAskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu. Accessed 18 Sept. 2014.
Fig. 2 "Showy (a) and non-showy (b) peach flowers" UF/IFAS ExtensionAskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu. Accessed 4 Sept. 2014.
Fig. 3 Fir0002/Flagstaffotos. "Bee Pollinating a Peach Flower." Wikimedia Commons, (CC-BY-NC-3.0), GFDL, commons.wikimedia.org. Accessed 4 Sept. 2014.
Fig. 4 LaBar, Martin. "Flowering peach branch between rows of trees." Flickr, 2015, www.flickr.com. Accessed 23 Apr. 2015.
Fig. 5 Fir0002/Flagstaffotos. "Peach Flowers." Wikimedia Commons, (CC-BY-NC-3.0), GFDL, commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peach_flowers.jpg. Accessed 4 Sept. 2014.
Fig. 6,9 Hodge, Walter. "Prunus persica." Atlas of Florida Plants, Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig, USF Herbarium Slide Collection, florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/Plant.aspx?id=389. Accessed 28 Dec. 2016.
Fig. 7 Huff, D., and A. Sarkhosh. "Fruit growth stages in ‘UFSun’." UF/IFAS Extension, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1324. Accessed 4 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 8 "Eglandular (a), globose (b) and reniform (c) leaf glands on peach leaves." UF/IFAS Extension, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu. Accessed 16 Apr. 2015.
Fig. 10 "'UFO' peach." UF/IFAS Extension, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu. Accessed 18 Sept. 2014. Accessed 28 Dec. 2016.
Fig. 11 Fir0002/Flagstaffotos. "White peach and its cross section isolated on a white background." Wikimedia Commons, 2009, (CC-BY-NC-3.0), GFDLcommons.wikimedia.org. Accessed 16 Apr. 2015.
Fig. 12 Hurst, Steve. "Peach stones." PLANTS Database, USDA, NRCS, National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA, PLANTSplants.usda.gov. Accessed 17 Apr. 2015.
Fig. 13 "Containerized peach tree in a 3-gallon container ready for planting. Remove some soil from roots to improve root contact with field soil." UF/IFAS Extension, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu. Accessed 28 Dec. 2016.
Fig. 14 Sarkhosh, A. "Peach tree trained to an open center." UF/IFAS Extension, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs365. Accessed 2 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 15 Daderot. "Botanical specimen in Longwood Gardens, Pennsylvania, USA." Encyclopedia of Life, 7 May 2013, Public Domain, EOL, eol.org/media/7017392. Accessed 15 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 16 David J. Stang. "Prunus persica var. nucipersica 'Lafayette'." Wikimedia Commons, via ZipcodeZoo.com, 10 Mar. 2008, 20 July 2017, (CC BY-SA 4.0), commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prunus_persica_var._nucipersica_Lafayette_2zz.jpg. Accessed 15 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 17 Chang, Y., and, A. Sarkhosh. "Peach fruit anatomy." UF/IFAS Extension, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1324. Accessed 2 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 18 Sarkhosh, A. "A good fruit size stage to do thinning." UF/IFAS Extension, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1324. Accessed 2 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 19 Sarkhosh, A. "No thinning can result in overloaded and broken limbs." UF/IFAS Extension, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1324. Accessed 2 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 20 Nadiatalent. "Prunus persica. Cultivated plant, Toronto, Canada." Encyclopedia of Life, 30 Apr. 2013, EOL, (CC-BY-3.0), eol.org/7017378. Accessed 15 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 21 Sarkhosh, Ali. "Production history." Subtropical Peach Production, in Florida Presentation at the Suncoast Tropical Fruit and Vegetable Club, 3 Mar. 2019. Accessed 2 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 22 Morgan, and Olmstead. "Annual volume of US peach imports, mainly from Chile, the main US peach marketing season, and the target market window for Florida-grown peaches." UF/IFAS Extension, 2013, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1324. Accessed 2 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 23 Sarkhosh, Ali. "Peach Performers." Subtropical Peach Production, in Florida Presentation at the Suncoast Tropical Fruit and Vegetable Club, 3 Mar. 2019,.Accessed 2 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 24 "Chill units accumulated (between 32°F and 45°F) through February 10 in 75% of winters." UF/IFAS Extension, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ac018. Accessed 4 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 25 "Frost Protection." Horticultural Sciences Dept. UF/IFAS Extension, hos.ifas.ufl.edu/stonefruit/production/frost-protection/. Accessed 10 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 26 Hochmuth, B. "Irrigation used for freeze protection in 2009." Horticultural Sciences Dept., UF/IFAS Extension, hos.ifas.ufl.edu/stonefruit/production/orchard-establishment-and-production/. Accessed 10 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 27 Sproule, Robbie. "Peach Melba." Wikimedia Commons, 2005, (CC BY 2.0), commons.wikimedia.org. Accessed 16 Apr. 2015.
Fig. 28 Stenudd, Josefine. "Dried unbleached peaches from Gothenburg, Sweden." Wikimedia Commons, 2007, (CC BY 2.0), commons.wikimedia.org. Accessed 28 Dec. 2016.
Fig. 29 Daily, Ralph. "Peach cobbler with vanilla ice cream at City Hall Diner." Flickr, 2008, (CC BY 2.0), www.flickr.com. Accessed 28 Dec. 2016.
Fig. 30 DocteurCosmos. "Pêche rôtie à la pistache accompagnée d'une boule de glace à la pistache." Wikimedia Commons, 2011, (CC BY-SA 3.0), commons.wikimedia.org. Accessed 9 Feb. 2017.
Fig. 31 JPS68. "Soupe de pêche et rosé du Luberon." Wikimedia Commons, 2013, (CC BY-SA 3.0), commons.wikimedia.org. Accessed 9 Feb. 2017.
Fig. 32 katorisi. "Peach steamed bun, Narita-city, Japan." Wikimedia Commons, 2009, (CC BY-SA 3.0), commons.wikimedia.org. Accessed 9 Feb. 2017.
Fig. 33 Vegan Feast Catering. "Vegan Upside Down Blackberry Peach Pecan Cake with Pecan Kreme." Flickr, (CC BY 2.0), www.flickr.com/photos/25128194@N02/3916332210. Accessed 15 Apr. 2019.
Fig. 34 "Peach seasonality." UF/IFAS Center for Public Issues Education, AskIFAS, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/LyraEDISServlet?command=getImageDetail&image_soid=FIGURE%203&document_soid=WC287&document_version=1. Accessed. 27 Nov. 2017.
Fig. 35 Russell, Lee. "Hauling crates of peaches from the orchard to the shipping shed." Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress, Reproduction from color slide, 1940, Wikimedia Commons, commons.wikimedia.org. Accessed 16 Apr. 2015.

UF/IFAS Assessment of Non-native Plants in Florida's Natural Areas
** Information provided is not intended to be used as a guide for treatment of medical conditions.

Published Feb. 2013 LR. Last update 16 Sept. 2024 LR
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